[Python] – Functions Exercise

Python function is a code block or group of statements that perform a particular task. We use reuse functions whenever required.

This Python functions exercise aims to help Python developers to learn and practice how to define functions. Also, you will practice how to create and use the nested functions and the function arguments effectively.

This function exercise covers questions on concepts such as function creation, function calls, function arguments, inner functions, and built-in functions.

Exercise 1: Create a function in Python

Write a program to create a function that takes two arguments, name and age, and print their value.

Hint

• Use the def keyword with the function name to define a function.
• Next, take two parameters
• Print them using the print() function
• Call function by passing name and age.

Solution:

# demo is the function name
def demo(name, age):
    # print value
    print(name, age)

# call function
demo("Ben", 25)

Exercise 2: Create a function with variable length of arguments

Write a program to create function func1() to accept a variable length of arguments and print their value.

Note: Create a function in such a way that we can pass any number of arguments to this function, and the function should process them and display each argument’s value.

Example

Function call:

# call function with 3 arguments
func1(20, 40, 60)

# call function with 2 arguments
func1(80, 100)

Output:

Printing values
20
40
60


Printing values
80
100

Hint:

• Read: variable length of arguments in functions
• To accept a variable length of positional arguments, i.e., To create functions that take n number of positional arguments we use *args as a parameter. (prefix a parameter name with an asterisk * ).
• Using this, we can pass any number of arguments to this function. Internally all these values are represented in the form of a tuple.

Solution:

def func1(*args):
    for i in args:
        print(i)

func1(20, 40, 60)
func1(80, 100)

Exercise 3: Return multiple values from a function

Write a program to create function calculation() such that it can accept two variables and calculate addition and subtraction. Also, it must return both addition and subtraction in a single return call.

Example

Sample Code

def calculation(a, b):
    # Your Code

res = calculation(40, 10)
print(res)

Output:

50, 30

Hint:

• Separate return values with a comma.

Solution 1:

def calculation(a, b):
    addition = a + b
    subtraction = a - b
    # return multiple values separated by comma
    return addition, subtraction

# get result in tuple format
res = calculation(40, 10)
print(res)

Solution 2:

def calculation(a, b):
    return a + b, a - b

# get result in tuple format
# unpack tuple
add, sub = calculation(40, 10)
print(add, sub)

Exercise 4: Create a function with a default argument

Write a program to create a function show_employee() using the following conditions.

• It should accept the employee’s name and salary and display both.
• If the salary is missing in the function call then assign default value 9000 to salary

Example

Call function

showEmployee("Ben", 12000)
showEmployee("Jessa")

Ouput:

Name: Ben salary: 12000
Name: Jessa salary: 9000

Hint:

• See: Default arguments in function
• Default arguments take the default value during the function call if we do not pass them. We can assign a default value to an argument in function definition using the = assignment operator.

Solution:

# function with default argument
def show_employee(name, salary=9000):
    print("Name:", name, "salary:", salary)

show_employee("Ben", 12000)
show_employee("Jessa")

Exercise 5: Create an inner function to calculate the addition in the following way

• Create an outer function that will accept two parameters, a and b
• Create an inner function inside an outer function that will calculate the addition of a and b
• At last, an outer function will add 5 into addition and return it

Hint:

• In Python, we can create a nested function inside a function. We can use the nested function to perform complex tasks multiple times within another function or avoid loop and code duplication.

Solution:

# outer function
def outer_fun(a, b):
    square = a ** 2

    # inner function
    def addition(a, b):
        return a + b

    # call inner function from outer function
    add = addition(a, b)
    # add 5 to the result
    return add + 5

result = outer_fun(5, 10)
print(result)

Exercise 6: Create a recursive function

Write a program to create a recursive function to calculate the sum of numbers from 0 to 10.

A recursive function is a function that calls itself again and again.

Solution:

def addition(num):
    if num:
        # call same function by reducing number by 1
        return num + addition(num - 1)
    else:
        return 0

res = addition(10)
print(res)

Exercise 7: Assign a different name to function and call it through the new name

Below is the function display_student(name, age). Assign a new name show_tudent(name, age) to it and call it using the new name.

Example

You have function named and called like this

def display_student(name, age):
    print(name, age)

display_student("Emma", 26)

But you can call with another name also

show_student(name, age)

Hint:

• Assign a different name to function using the assignment (=) operator.
• fun_name = new_name

Solution:

def display_student(name, age):
    print(name, age)

# call using original name
display_student("Emma", 26)

# assign new name
showStudent = display_student
# call using new name
showStudent("Emma", 26)

Exercise 8: Generate a Python list

Write a function that Generate a Python list of all the even numbers between 4 to 30

Example

[4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 26, 28]

Hint:

• Use the built-in function range() to generate the sequence of numbers between the given start number to the stop number with a step = 2 to get even numbers.
• pass range() function to a list constructor to create a list

Solution:

print(list(range(4, 30, 2)))

Exercise 9: Find the largest item from a given list

Find the largest item from a given list.

Example

Input

x = [4, 6, 8, 24, 12, 2]

Output:

24

Hint:

• Use the built-in function max() to get the largest number from a list

Solution:

x = [4, 6, 8, 24, 12, 2]
print(max(x))